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Section 3033           Starting & Stopping Engines

B. STARTING ENGINES (Cont'd)

5. As soon as the propeller has made one complete revolution, operate the booster ignition and primer switches.

6. When the engine commences to fire, regulate the priming to obtain smooth engine operation. This will be accomplished by maintaining fuel priming pressure while continuing to hold down primer. The amount of prime necessary will be dictated mainly by the operators experience taking into account the temperature of the air, the temperature of the engine, and the effectiveness of the primer installation.

7. When starting P & W R-1830-92 engines, move the mixture control to AUTO RICH position as soon as the engine is operating smoothly on the priming charge. In either case when starting G-102 or 92 engines, it will be necessary to decrease the priming as the carburetor starts to function, until the engine is running smoothly on the carburetor alone.

8. Stop the engine if the oil pressure gauge does not register within five seconds and normal operating pressure is not reached at 1200 RPM within ten seconds after starting.

9. Do not pump the throttle to obtain smooth operation. This practice only causes a wide and rapid variation of the fuel air ratio and may result in serious backfiring during the starting operation

10. Should the engine refuse to start within thirty seconds, let the starter cool. Move the ignition switch to OFF and hand rotate the engine through two complete revolutions, to insure that overpriming has not caused liquid to collect in the lower cylinders. Repeat the starting procedure.

11. Flooding or overloading a WARM engine will be indicated by a discharge of fuel from the drain valve located in the lower part of the engine blower section. With a COLD engine, flooding is not necessarily indicated by a discharge of fuel from the blower drain valve, but rather by the presence of raw fuel in the exhaust tail pipe.

12. If the engine is flooded, keep the mixture control in "IDLE CUT-OFF". Open the throttle wide and turn the engine over with the starter in order to clear it out. If the ignition  is left on, it is frequently possible to start an engine. In this case be ready to immediately retard the throttle to prevent over-speeding. With the ignition off, 6 to 8 turns of the propeller should be sufficient to clear the engine.

13. With WARM engines, if there is no drainage of fuel evident from the blower drain, the engine is probably getting insufficient fuel due either to low fuel pressure or otherwise faulty fuel system.

1/15/46                                           
DC-3 GROUND OPERATION
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