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Section 3211-Orientation: 90 Degree System (Cont'd)

8. Hold this new heading about 45 seconds from the time the airplane left the beam. (This actual time will depend upon position and wind, so that time checked against signal change will provide an accurate indication by which to judge.) This the captain can definitely tell the airplane is leaving a beam.

9. THE TYPE OF SIGNAL CHANGE AFTER LEAVING THE BEAM DETERMINES THE IDENTITY OF THE BEAM INTERCEPTED. IF THE PROBLEM WAS STARTED IN AN "A" QUADRANT AND HEN RETURNED BACK INTO THIS "A" QUADRANT AND THE OTHER BEAM. A CHECK OF THE CHART WILL SHOW THE BEAM INTERCEPTED.

10. Having thus identified the beam (make certain to remember it for the rest of the problem), the next step is to get back on the beam from the airplane's present position. The following rules, if properly observed, will determine the required amount of LEFT TURN (always left at this point) that will be needed to regain the beam:  If signal change has been:   Make left turn
        "A" to "A" or "N" to "N"    180 degrees
        (like to like signals)

       "A" to "N" or "N" to "A"     270 degrees
        (like to unlike signals)

Upon completion of this turn, the airplane is on a course heading parallel to the bisector of the quadrant in which the airplane is located. This helps to find the bisector course to steer and eliminates mental arithmetic. The beam, which will be intercepted at an angle of approximately 45 degrees depending upon the beam and the bisector angles. If this is clearly held in mind there will be no confusion as to the position of the airplane relative to the intercepted beam.

11. Hold this new bisector heading until the airplane has again crossed the bean and reached the far side. Upon receiving the first off course signal, start a left hand turn to a heading which is 20 degrees less than the course of the beam. In other words, if the beam course is 180 degrees at this point, steer 160 degrees. This 20 degree correction will eliminate paralleling the beam on the  right side and remaining too far "off course" for an excessive period. Also be flying through the beam to the far side the chance of following the wrong side of the beam has been eliminated. Certain varieties of multiple courses can be guarded against as well by taking precaution.

If the 45 degree turn from the bisector heading to the beam heading is started before crossing the beam on this approach, it is not necessary to add the additional 20 degrees. However, under average

6/20/39
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