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Regulations

FLIGHT

Section 3251   ADF AND LOOP RECEIVERS

(b) Steps in Flying QDMs or QDRs, Cont'd.
(d) Note position of butt end of needle in relation to this imaginary line. It will lie either to the right or left or possibly on the line.
(e) If the butt end of the needle is to the left of the line, the plan must be headed to the right. If the butt end of the needle is to the right of the line, the correction must be to the left.
(f) From a position to one side of the track, the shortest and fastest way to intercept the track is to fly toward and 90o to the bearing of the track. For example: A pilot determines his position as Southwest of the station. He desires to establish a track of 90o toward the station. He would turn to a heading of North and fly until the butt end of the needle indicated that the aircraft was 270o from the station.

(c) Making Good a Track Using the Fore-going System
(1) After the ADF track has been established, it is maintained by mch the same method. The hub is still the station, the butt end the aircraft, and the track to be made good the imaginary line across the dial, If the butt end moves to the left of the line, the aircraft is drifting to the left and must be corrected to the right. If the butt end moves to the right, the aircraft is drifting to the right and the aircraft must be corrected to the left. The  amount of correction is determined in the same as in Topic A, Paragraph 4, "Determining Correction Angle when Flying On-Course", of this Subject. The technique is the same for approaching or leaving the station

5. Distance-Time From Station Using ADF or Manual Loop.
(1) Distance from station or time to the station may be calculated to a reasonable degree of accuracy by either of the following simple formulas using 160 mph. for speed in DC-3 type aircraft. 
a. SPEED TIMES TIME / DEGREES OF ANGLE CHANGE = DIST. FROM STATION
b. 60 / DEGREES OF ANGLE CHANGE {{=?}} TIME = TIME TO STATION

2/1/47   Flight