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employees and have fixed a normal retirement age of 60 as compared with 65 for other men. But the fact of the matter is that a normal retirement age of 60 for pilots fails in itself to meet the problem. Under existing conditions it is certain that the vast majority of the pilots will never fly until they are 60; and while a normal retirement age at 60 is better than 65, that is only because the annuities immediately available at earlier ages are greater than they would be if the normal age of retirement were 65. 

In order to see what a pilot might get under these several plans, I have taken the case of a pilot who begins at a salary of 250 a month, and whose monthly pay averages $275 in the second year of service, $300 in the third year of service, increasing by $50 a month until he reaches a figure of $1,000 a month in the seventeenth year of service at which level I have assumed he will remain. If a pilot enters air line service at 25, works every month, receives compensation at the indicated schedule, he will receive an annuity, if he is one of the fortunate few who fly until they are 60, which is by no means inconsequential. Under the Pan American and United annuity rates the annuity would be $478 a month; about $433 under the Eastern scale, $320 under the American scale and $312 under the Braniff. For the pilot who enters at 30 and works through until 60, (or who enters at 25 and misses, on the average, one month out of seven) the annuit-ies are $75 to $85 a month less. 

But the case of a pilot who must quit flying earlier is far different. Take the case of the pilot who has to quit when he is 45 and who has only 15 years of service. No matter what his physical condition may be, he is not entitled to any immediate annuity at all when he ceases to be a pilot. If he lives for 5 years he can begin