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Goldman          14

by foreign investors. Huge U.S. conglomerates like the Guggenheim interests (who today underwrite the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum and Foundation in New York) spread over much of Mexico, owning numerous mining enterprises. The Cananea Consolidated Copper Co., one of the largest in the world, was owned by Colonel William Greene, a U.S. entrepreneur who become a multi-millionaire in Mexico. On June 1, 1906, 2000 Mexican workers struck over the issue of the "Mexican rate" of pay, particularly onerous in their own country. (As in the later New Mexico strike immortalized in the 1953 film [[underline]]Salt of the Earth[[/underline]], mothers, wives, sisters, and daughters supported the miners' demands with demonstrations, and their action is documented in a contemporary photograph showing the women gathered on a rocky hill holding aloft their banners.)[[superscript]]30[[/superscript]]  Violence broke out during which 30 Mexican [[underline]]rurales[[/underline]] (federal troops) who follow the Arizona Rangers into the area. However the Mexican labor movement dates from the "Battle of Cananea" which has been called the first major labor strike in Mexican history.[[superscript]]31[[/superscript]]
Between 1957 and 1967 (interrupted by a jail term from 1960 to 1964 for "social dissolution" occasioned, among other things, by his support for 1950's [[left-margin]](Fig. 5)[[/left-margin]] labor strikes in Mexico), David Alfaro Siqueiros painted [[underline]]Revolution Against the Dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz[[/underline]], a 4500 square foot mural in Mexico City based on the Cananea strike - an event considered to be a precursor to the Mexican Revolution. Wrapping itself around several walls, it is a dynamic exposition of the process leading from the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz, who is shown on one wall surrounded by big landowners, generals, and [[underline]]científicos[[/underline]] (progress-oriented positivists in the government), to the confrontation between the strikers (carrying their dead) with the Arizona Rangers, the [[underline]]rurales[[/underline]], and the North American owners. Out of this struggle emerges the Mexican Revolution symbolized by the figures of Emiliano Zapata and his peasant soldiers on another wall, and dead revolutionaries cut down by a firing squad which Siqueiros took from a historical photograph. In his quest