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No. 4

[[strikethrough]] it moves slowly out and [[/strikethrough]] I wouldn't call it international.  It's the term [[strikethrough]] that is is not just between [[/strikethrough]] I object to:  international [[strikethrough]] and [[/strikethrough]] versus personal.  There are other things, too. 

MW --- Maybe then we should just use a very vague definition as "Modern".  His was a very Modern in that sense.  And Neutra, with a little difference, was also pursuing [[strikethrough]] the [[/strikethrough]] modernism.  And both of them, say in the case of Schindler, typically in [[strikethrough]] the [[/strikethrough]] work like the Tischler house, changed his style.  And Neutra gradually changed his style into the styple like the Kaufman house.

EM --- Well, I think Schindler changed his style twice.  And each time it came out of the economy.  Schindler's first period was a concrete period; [[strikethrough]] and [[/strikethrough]] he wanted to build mainly in concrete.  And then, with the depression, concrete was too costly.  And then he went to cubic forms which were easy with plaster walls.  The second style change came when the cost of craftman became so high -- the wages of the plasterer.

MW --- I see, so it was around 1945.

EM --- 45 to 50, mainly.  And [[strikethrough]] then [[/strikethrough]] it [[strikethrough]] still [[/strikethrough]] went on into the early 50's.[[strikethrough]] that everything caught up with them but  [[/strikethrough]]  The plastering [[strikethrough]] er [[/strikethrough]] happened to [[strikethrough]]have [[/strikethrough]] be the biggest cost of construction, [[strikethrough]] and also [[/strikethrough]] in time as well as dollars.

MW --- That's why Schindler had to look for some other style.

EM --- Yes. [[strikethrough]] Then [[/strikethrough]] That meant change in the roof because [[strikethrough]] if you can [[/strikethrough]] he could do two things at once, [[strikethrough]] you can [[/strikethrough]] put in a grooved planking roof, [[strikethrough]] and it [[/strikethrough]] which served as a base for [[strikethrough]] putting the [[/strikethrough]] nailing the composition roofing to.  [[strikethrough]] You know the composition roofing was nailed right to that.  There was a membrane between but that saved more money. [[/strikethrough]]  It saved the cost of plastering the ceiling. [[strikethrough]] another step. [[/strikethrough]]    It also le [[strikethrough]] a [[/strikethrough]] d to the more expressive roof.  Because you couldn't have the heavy planking [[strikethrough]] was[[/strikethrough]  And you could not have it in long spans.

MW --- That's why he started using pitched roof...

EM --- That also led to screen walls, another thing that began in the [[strikethrough]] 3 [[/strikethrough]] 50's, typical of his style in the [[strikethrough]] 3 [[/strikethrough]] 50's - the screen wall. [[strikethrough]] Screen [[/strikethrough]]  You see this kind of screen in the [[strikethrough]] Kallis [[/strikethrough]] Skolnik house which is his last one, and an important one.  It wasn't [[strikethrough]] really ... [[/strikethrough]] very successful in some ways, but it was a prediction of what would have been a new style.