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18
Shade and Shadow.

A distinction must be made between Shade and shadow. Any light or colour may gradually [[strikethrough]] degenerate [[/strikethrough]] sink into shade, by [[strikethrough]] its [[/strikethrough]] obliquely receiving less light; but shadow is caused by the sudden termination of the rays of light, inter[[strikethrough]]ru[[/strikethrough]]cepted by some prominence; as the shadows of the nose, eyebrows, chin, etc. The shadows may be illuminated by some other surface or colour. All shades, except in total darkness, are nothing but the effects of diminished quantities of light; and light itself degrades from White through Yellow, Orange, Red and Brown into Black.  [[strikeout]]  or total darkness [[/strikeout]] Blue, Purple and green are adventitious colours, belonging only to bright day-light, and these are modified by the same laws in regard to the degradation of light.  All Colours, when seen in twilight, both in their lights and shadows, are neutralized into dark gray or brown, so as to justify in some degree, the favourite expression of Fuseli, "the negative Nature of shade," when he remarks that all Colour should be lost in shade; a practice differing from that of Andrea del Sarto, and from the opinion of Burnet; and only proper in a twin light.

Reflections
When the light is cool, the reflections may be warm; when the light is warm, the reflections may be cool; except in extreme cases, when they may be still warmer-- thus producing a deep-toned Picture.

Degradation of Light
The greatest intensity of light can only be represented by White, but as the light diminishes it degrades into yellow, orange, Red and finally Brown down to extreme darkness, verging on black.  Excessive White is offensive to the Organs of sight, especially in contrast with extreme Black. Yellow gives to White the most pleasing luminousness, even when slightly tinctured with the Orange; as the Blue, midway between White and Black is offensive; but the sober Gray which prevails