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Hoh on Barnum + hist. of circus - Posters - hyperbole was rampant 1894 - Ringling Brothers by 1896 [[strikethrough]]used RR [[strikethrough]] took show on the road Gargantua Jumbo (elephant) Huey - on Barnum "We only use superlatives" Worked PR for R bro.[[?]] Barnum & Bailey . Ringmaster Club . Sara "the tiger whisperer" Q: Toughest animal to handle? A: Bears Chimpanzees Jando A: hard & ans. animals are individuals - note chimps are startled by clown make-up. Sea Lion - story Huey - difference in drng lions (act as group) & tigers (loners) Jando - Alexi + elephant act. Eleph. was self directed for first part of the act. Left when a substitute Pa her trainer showed up "Toughy" /Tuffy/ Hoh - Liger (lion/tiger) sprayed workers Collected oral histories from performers. Gave to Ringling Museum. Q: What [[strikethrough]]happed[[strikethrough]] happened to B & Baily performers. A: Unknown - unemployed, left mid-season Retirees - are usually cared for by family Q: 3 rings? A: 3 rings specific to US side shows specific to US In US [[strikethrough]]cirus[[strikethrough]] circus controlled by business In Eur. circus may be family owned & are single ringed. Q: Carnival → rides not shows vs circus → you are entertained, shows, specific acts