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Transcription: [00:21:55]
{Speaker 1} They do not like the winter. They prefer the warm seasons.

[00:22:00]
Happily, the spring comes after April--after winter, and it arri--, and summer arrives, before autumn.

[00:22:14]
En France, il ne neige jamais en juillet. Uh, [[ça dit?]] au mois de juillet. Mais il fait toujours froid en décembre.

[00:22:28]
En été, il pleut quelque(s) fois, mais en hivre [hiver], il pleut souvent.

[00:22:35]
In France, uh, it never snows in July, or during the month of July, but it sometimes-- it is cold--

[00:22:50]
But it is always cold in December.

[00:22:57]
In summer it sometimes rains, but in winter, it rains more often.

[00:23:05]
L'année dernière c'est la même chose as l'année prochaine. Last year; the next year.

[00:23:16]
Toujours; jamais. Always; never.

[00:23:20]
Je préfère; j'aime meilleur(e). I prefer; I like better.

[00:23:25]
Cet homme est malheureuse [malheureux]; un malheur est arrivée dans sa famille. That man is unhappy; a unhappiness came to his family.

[00:23:40]
Cet homme est heureuse [heureux]; il a du bonheur. That man is happy; he has happiness.

[00:23:50]
Préférer, the verb "to prefer." Je préfère, tu préfères, il préfère, nous préférons, vous préférez, ils préférons [préfèrent].

[00:24:04]
J'ai préféré hier; je préféra [préférai] demain. Je préférera? Je pref-- pr-- je-- Je préférera. Je préférerai.

[00:24:21]
J'ai préféré; je préférera [préférai]. Non, je préférera.

[00:24:28]
Je préfère; I prefer. Tu préfères; you prefer. Il préfère; he prefers.

[00:24:35]
Nous préférons; they [we] prefer. Vous préférez; you prefer, the plural. Ils préférons [préfèrent]; they prefer, masculine.

[00:24:48]
Euh, je, j'ai préfère [préféré] hier. I prefer [preferred] winter [yesterday].

[00:24:53]
Je préféra [préférai] demain. I will prefer tomorrow. I will be, I will prefer tomorrow.

[00:25:05]
{Speaker 2} Then, that seems everybody says fine, there's interdependence, there's a sharing.

[00:25:11]
But when you continuously show Black and East Indian children an image of a society of individuals that they can never be, then you have a negation of themselves.

[00:25:23]
So that what has happened is that the television programs that are transplanted are designed for a culture that is concerned about fried chicken, about having certain kinds of bubble gum.

[00:25:38]
So then for people there, what, what does this do? It simply transforms their food habits.

[00:25:44]
So people who get used to eating rice and fish suddenly develop a craving for French fried potatoes and fried chicken, which changes their food habits, so that communi--

[00:25:56]
{Speaker 3} Changes the buying patterns of nations as well.

[00:25:59]
{Speaker 2} Absolutely, I think that we have constantly, I think in the UN report, I think we have tended to neglect the fact that there is money in communication--big, plenty money.

[00:26:11]
And therefore, it becomes necessary to penetrate the communication system.

[00:26:15]
One interesting thing I think [[?]] mentioned is to me is when President Nixon left and went to China, the one thing he left behind was this enormous communications technology.

[00:26:27]
Because the tech--, communications technology to a large extent can affect how your body politic functions and thinks.

[00:26:35]
{Speaker 3} So in addition to television programs being marketed to these countries, are you saying that western companies are continuing to have their commercials [[laid?]] in as well?

[00:26:47]
{Speaker 2} Certainly if you look at the Caribbean, where, where they have, they have a lot of these commercials that are integrated with with program

[00:26:57]
So that, you see, the commercials-- Sometimes one of the difficulties with most programming is to distinguish between the commercial and the program, so that there is an integration between the commercial and the program.

[00:27:08]
And in the context of the Third World countries, it means changing their political, cultural, and intellectual habits.

[00:27:17]
{Speaker 3} Professor Vanden, did we see a similar situation in countries like Vietnam, southeast Asian countries? That were under western con-- influence?

[00:27:29]
{Speaker 4} I think during the, the war. This being from 1955 until 1975.

[00:27:36]
Saigon is almost like any kind of the city [cities] we see in this country even [[?]] and all this.

[00:27:46]
Now it is a very different situation, now there's no-- [[?]] experimenting and education.

[00:27:55]
But to go back to the programming, I would like to quote from a [an] address by Sarah Power.

[00:28:03]
She's a deputy-- she was a Deputy Assistant Secretary at the Economic Club of Detroit, on December 5th 1980.

[00:28:11]
She said, and I quote her, "Even at the time when East [[?]] population revolution, as anyone can attest who has enjoyed an evening of Kojak on the Surinamese television or a John Wayne movie in Jakarta, the economic implication is very pressing."

[00:28:29]
She [[?]], "and indeed, there is hardly any segment of the U.S. economy which is not directly affected by communications and increasingly dependent for its wellbeing on international communication."

[00:28:41]
So at least in my opinion, it is a question. The western transnational corporation or domination cannot exist or cannot make profit without imposing new taste, new products on the Third World.

[00:28:58]
The Third World of course has two choices, either take it or leave it.

[00:29:04]
Usually, you have in the Third World a group of people who say that "Well, let's take it and have a look at that, buy the technology, retrain our people,"

[00:29:12]
"And later on, we're gonna go and get rid of the dependency from the U.S. [[?]]."

[00:29:20]
But the problem is very different. As anyone knows, the technology of communication is extremely expensive.

[00:29:27]
Once you get hooked into that, it's almost like a drug, either you have to escalate and buy it or you have to destroy your own problem.

[00:29:34]
The second one [[is actually very important?]].

[00:29:40]
Uh- Suppose now you are to produce a program which is good.

[00:29:43]
It cost perhaps 500,000 dollars, and then discover [?].

[00:29:48]
Here come [?] from the Western embassy, "Sir you can sell a better program, like I love [?], 100 dollars."

[00:30:01]
You sure it's a [?] its only 100.

[00:30:04]
Why spend 500,000 dollars to make the best program, and when your people get hooked on this, you again- [?] drug, you have to buy more of this program.

[00:30:12]
So, I think we have to look at the information brought into today in the world.

[00:30:19]
As I am at the front of this organization, and I remember vividly what in [?] happened in 1955.

[00:30:26]
When the whole conference was disappointed to know that [?].

[00:30:36]
But why the vote at the time, in 1955 so much white voters.

[00:30:41]
I think the reason is very simple. It has something to do with international communication.

[00:30:46]
He was the first colored man who bring out the reality of the colonized people, and also the first colored men [?] who actively opposed Nazism.

[00:31:00]
While as you all know, that in this country we fought the war in Japan first.

[00:31:05]
On the [?] in Germany, [?] who showed the complicity of uh vast national cooperation in this country with the Nazi regime, so I be [?] wishes the whole black pride commissions and UNESCO.

[00:31:24]
We begin to look at the black community in this country as [?].

Transcription Notes:
French section is complete, ends at 00:25:05