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Sharp's Rolling Carriaged recommended | 441
high wheel; for, the force to the low wheel being applied by elevation, the ground ferres as an abutment to the feet of the animal, which gives him power to ufe his ftrength is the moft proper direction, whereas, horizontally, he has no power of draft but what is given by his weight. 

By an act for the amendment and prefervation of the public highways, all carriages moving upon rollers of the breadth of fixteen inches, are allowed to be drawn with any number of horfes or other cattle.-And,

By an act for regulating the turnpike roads, fuch waggons are allowed to carry eight tons in fummer, and feven tons in winter, and may be drawn with any number of horfes, or other cattle. 

They are alfo permitted to pafs upon any turnpike-road TOLL-Free, for the term of one year, to be computed from Michaelmas, 1773; and, after the expiration of the fair term, fhall pafs upon any turnpike road, through any toll-gate or bar, for half-toll.

This encouragement to rollers, together with the federal refraints laid upon nine-inch as well as the narrow wheels, by thefe acts, make in the intereft of everybody to put their heavy carriages upon rollers. 

Upon the whole, both carts and wagons upon this construction, are found, by experience, to answer every purpose that can be defined, even in the very worst of roads ; they are both cheaper and much lighter than common nine-inch broad wheels; they are more durable, and are fure to produce a smooth road ; and it is most ardently wished, for the advantage of travellers, that they could be introduced into common use. The Bath and Bristol carriers have made a beginning, which we hope will soon be followed by other carrier, as the greatest advantage to the roads and to the owners would unquestionably refult from the ufe of them. 

Fig. 1, Plan of the waggon. 
     2, The profile of the waggon. 
     3, The front of the waggon. 
     4, The tail of the waggon. 
     5, A view of the waggon with 8 horses. 
     6, Profile of the cart. 
     7, The tail of the cart. 
     8, A view of the cart with 2 oxen in harness. 
     9, A view of the cart with 4 oxen in harness. 
GENT. MAG. Sept. 1773. 

RULES by which a GREAT EMPIRE may be reduced to a SMALL ONE. 
AN ancient Sage boasted, that, tho' he could not fiddle, he knew how to make a great city of a little one. The science that I, a modern fimpleton, am about to communicate, is the very re-verfe. 

I address myself to all minsters who have the management of extensive do-minions, which from the very great-nefs are become troublefome to govern, because the multiplicity of their affairs leaves no time for fiddling. 
      I. In the first place, gentlemen, you are to consider, that a great empire, like a great cake, is most easily diminished at the edges. Turn your attention, therefore, first to your remo provinces; that, as you get rid of them, the next may follow in order. 
     II. That the poffibility of this feperation may always exist, take special care the provinces are never incorporated with the mother country; that they do not enjoy the fame common rights, the fame privileges in commerce; and that they are governed by feverer laws, all of your enacting, without allowing them any share in the choice of the legislators. By carefully making and preserving such distinction, you will (to keep to my fimile of the cake) act like a wife gingerbread baker, who, to facilitate a division, cuts his dough half through in those places. where, when baked, he would have broken to pieces. 
    III. These remote provinces have perhaps been acquired, purchased, or conquered, at the sole expence of the settlers or their ancestors, without the aid of the mother country. If this should happen to increase her strength by their growing numbers ready to join in her wars, her commerce by their growing demand for her manufactures, or her naval power by greater employment for her ships and seamen, they may probably suppose some merit in this, and that it entitles them to some favour ; you are therefore to forget it all, or refent it as if they had done you injury. If they happen to be zealous Whigs, friends of liberty, nurtured in revolution principles, remember all that to their prejudice, and resolve to punish it; for such principles, after a revolution is thoroughly established, are of no more use, they are even odious and abominable. 
    IV. However peaceably your colonies have submitted to your government, shewn their affection towards your interests,