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444   Rules for reducing a great Empire to a small one.

it, who will quarrel again with them, and all shall contribute to your main purpose of making them weary of your government.

XIII. If the people of any province have been accustomed to support their own Governors and Judges to satisfaction, you are to apprehend that such Governors may be thereby influenced to treat the people kindly, and do them justice. This is another reason for applying part of that revenue in larger salaries to such Governors and Judges, given, as their commissions are, during your pleasure only, forbidding them to take any salaries from their provinces; that thus the people may no longer hope any kindness from their Governors, or (in Crown cafes) any justice from their Judges. And as the money thus misapplied in one province is extorted from all, probably all will resent the misapplication.

XIV. If the parliaments of your provinces should dare to claim rights, or complain of your administration, order them to be harassed with repeated dissolutions. If the fame men are continually returned by new elections, adjourn their meetings to some country village where they cannot be accommodated, and there keep them during pleasure; for this, you know, is your PREROGATIVE; and an excellent one it is, as you may manage it, to promote discontents among the people, diminish their respect, and increase their disaffection.

XV. Convert the brave honest officers of your navy into pimping tide-waiters and colony officers of the customs. Let those who, in time of war, fought gallantly in defense of the commerce of their countrymen, in peace be taught to prey upon it. Let them learn to be corrupted by great and real smugglers;  but (to shew their diligence) scour with armed boats every bay, harbour, river, creek, cove, or nook, throughout to coast of your colonies; stop and detain every coaster, every wood-boar, every fisherman, tumble their cargoes, and even their ballast inside out, and upside down ; and, if a penn'orth of pins is found un-entered, let the whole be seized and confiscated. Thus shall the trade of your colonists suffer more from their friends in time of peace, than it did from their enemies in war. Then let these boats crews land upon every farm in their way, rob the orchards, steal the pigs and the poultry, and insult the inhabitants. If the injured and exasperated farmers, unable to procure other justice, should attack the aggressors, drub them and burn their boats; you are to call this high treason and rebellion, order fleets and armies into their country, and threaten to carry all the offenders three thousand miles to be hanged, drawn, and quartered. O! this will work admirably!
 
XVI. If you are told of discontents in your colonies, never believe that they are general, or that you have given occasion for them; therefore, do not think of applying any remedy, or of changing any offensive measure. Redress no grievance, left they should be encouraged to demand the redress of some other grievance. Grant no request that is just and reasonable, left they should make another that is unreasonable. Take all your informations of the state of the colonies from your Governors and officers in enmity with them. Encourage and reward these leafing-makers; secrete their lying accusations, left they should be confuted but act upon them as the clearest evidence, and believe nothing you hear from the friends of the people: suppose all their complaints to be invented and promoted by a few factious demagogues, whom if you could catch and hang, all would be quiet. Catch and hang a few of them accordingly; and the blood of the Martyrs shall work miracles in favour of your purpose.

XVII. If you fee rival nations rejoicing at the prospect of your disunion with your provinces, and endeavouring to promote it; if they translate, publish and applaud all the complaints of your discontented colonists, at the fame time privately stimulating [[stimulating]] you to severer measures; let not that alarm or offend you. Why should it? since you all mean the fame thing.

XVIII. If any colony should, at their own charge, erect a fortress to secure their port against the fleets of a foreign enemy, get your Governor to betray that fortress into your hands. Never think of paying what it soft the country, for that would look at least, like some regard for justice but turn it into a citadel to awe the inhabitants, and curb their commerce. If they should have lodged in such fortress the very arms they bought and used to aid you in your conquests, seize them all; it will provoke like ingratitude added to



The Adage Quem Jupiter vult, &c. illustrated.   445

to robbery. One admirable effect of these operations will be, to discourage every other colony from erecting such defenses, and so your enemies may more easily invade them, to the great disgrace of your government, and, of course, the furtherance of your project.

XIX. Send armies into their country under pretense of protecting the inhabitants but, instead of garrisoning the forts on their frontiers with those troops to prevent incursions, demolish those forts, and order the troops into the heart of the country that the savages may be encouraged to attack the frontiers, and that the troops may be protected by the inhabitants: this will seem to proceed from your ill-will or your ignorance, and contribute farther to produce and strengthen an opinion among them, that you are no longer fit to govern them. 

XX. Lastly, invest the General of your army in the provinces with great and unconstitutional powers, and free him from the controul of even your own Civil Governors. Let him have troops enow under his command, with all the fortresses in his possession; and who knows but (like some provincial Generals in the Roman empire, and encouraged by the universal discontent you have produced) he may take it into his head to set up for himself. If he should, and you have carefully practised these few excellent rules of mine, take my word for it, all the provinces will immediately join him, and you will that day (if you have not done it sooner) get rid of the trouble of governing them, and all the plagues attending their commerce and connection, from thenceforth and for ever. 
Q.E.D

Mr. URBAN, 
IN your volume for 1771, at page 56, one of your conftant readers defires fome of your claffical correfpondents to inform him in what original Roman author the common adage
Quem Jupiter vult perdere, prius dementat,

is to be found. At pages 120 and 121 of the fame volume, D.H. intimates, that it is not in any classic author, but a faying taken up and used at random. W.W. at pages 262 and 263, believes it cannot be found verbatim in any antient author, though the Greek and Latin writers have, as he has shewn, commonly adopted the sentiment. We may safely assert, I presume, that it is not in any truly classic author, as the verb demento will not be found in any writer generally esteemed such. And may we not almost as safely pronounce, that, where ever this faying is only a translation of the following lines of EURIPIDES, which occur in the Incertae Tragaedice, as published by Barnes?

[some other language] V. 436,437.
In Barnes's note upon this passage, among other references, he adds,- "Tale quid paterculus de Variana clade." Paterculus's words are these: "Ita se res habet, ut plerumque Deus, fortunam mutaturs, consilia corrumpat." Lib. ii. cap.118.- It may be further remarked, that Duport, in his Gnomolgia Homerica, at p.282 note, absolutely translates these words of EURIPIDES by the common adage which has given occasion to these hints from, Your constant reader, Z.L Spet. 21, 1773. 
Mr. Urban, 
AMONG the innumerable instances of true greatness exhibited in the character of that father of his people, Henry IV. of France, I think that following worth recording in your repository of knowledge and virtue. 
With only 15,000 men he laid siege to Paris, in which were near 220,000 inhabitants and, which might have easily been effected, in his boundless compassion, he permitted his own troops to supply it with provisions.
One day, when an example was to be made of two peasants who had been detected in carrying two waggon loads of bread to one of the poiterns[?] of the city, Henry chanced to meet them on the way to execution. They directly fell on their knees, implored pardon, and pleaded that they had no other way of getting their livelihood. "Go you ways in peace," said the King, giving them at the same time all the money he had about him,- "the gafcon[?] is poor; had he more, he would give it to you."
After his death, the Duke of Sully always wore about this neck chain of diamonds, to which hung a large gold medal of that great prince. Sully used often to take this medal out of his bosom, stop and contemplate it, and the kiss it with the utmost reverence and affection. 

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Transcription Notes:
Some stuff in other languages I'm not sure what to do with Edited. Writer uses Old English spellings such as 'f' in place of 's'. Should be transcribed as it is written. There are more old English words that should be returned in place of modern spelling.