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A CONCERNED PARENT                                           KATZ

tion" (Transformation of the Negro American by Leonard Broom and Norval Glenn).
Since racism is the philosophy of the Establishment and is propagated in the institutions of higher learning and by the mass media which they control through ownership, it is not surprising to observe that "a vast majority of the white population south of the Mason-Dixon Line, and large numbers, probably a majority elsewhere, are firmly of the belief that Negroes are subhuman or only semi-human, despite the positive assertions of biology and anthropology to the contrary." (The Rich and the Super-Rich by Ferdinand Lundberg)
The Black parent knows his child is "educable" in spite of all the funded programs and studies to the contrary. Dishonesty and distortions in intelligence tests are common. The literature on such tests shows that when "two groups of whites differ in their IQ's, the explanation of the difference is immediately sought in schooling, environment, economic position of parents. However, when Blacks and whites differ in precisely the same way the difference is said to be genetic. (The Study of Race by Sherwood L. Washburn.) There are other instances which show the prevalence of racism. Trade schools (located in all industrial centers) have a long history of excluding Blacks. However, a Black occasionally slips through the net, after which the net is thoroughly examined to see how it happened. The trustees of these trade schools include the conservative officials of craft unions which exclude Blacks from membership. A classic example involved the Sheet Metal Workers Union Local 28 in New York. There were 3,300 white members in the union, but no Blacks. Apprenticeship was reserved almost exclusively for relatives of members. Finally, the State Commission on Human Rights found the local union guilty, and the union agreed that "henceforth every applicant for membership would be judged solely on an aptitude test administered by the New York Testing and Advisement Center."
Dr. Kenneth Clark established a school in 1965 to tutor candidates for Local 28's test. The results were as follows: one passed in 1965, 13 passed in 1966, and 24 candidates passed in 1967. One of the candidates had a perfect score and nine of the ten highest scorers in the test were Black students from Dr. Clark's course! The tests were planned and supervised by Dr. Wallace Gobetz of New York University, who has a background of twenty years' experience in the testing field. No outsider could "rig" the test. Yet the President of Local 28 attributed the high scores to "some nefarious means." Prof.

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Transcription Notes:
Page's first word is the end ("tion") of the previous page's final word ("educa-"). I don't know whether there's some convention in these per-page transcriptions for representing words that cross pages. ---------- Reopened for Editing 2024-02-13 17:59:42