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"NIXON DOCTRINE" AND AFRICA              OBATALA

always out of their developmental context. For example, when Angela Davis was jailed, it was simply announced that the had been arrested and charged with murder for the slaying of a judge that she had been a professor at UCLA and was a member of the Communist Party.

But radio is only one aspect of America's well oiled propaganda machine in Africa.  I know from personal observations that practically all of the television entertainment in Ghana, Nigeria and Liberia is imported from the U.S.  The programs most frequently seen by Africans are Mod Squad, N.Y.P.D., 77 Sunset Strip, The Untouchables, My Three Sons, The Nipsey Russell Show, The Fugitive, Bonanza and Ironside. Most of the full length movies are from the late fifties and early sixties.  Whereas radio reaches the broad masses, both literate and illiterate, television audiences consist mainly of the educated elite, the bourgeoisie.  For only a relatively select few can afford the purchase of a television.  Yet, it is still a very effective instrument of imperialist propaganda in that American values are transmitted from the small elite university circles downward to the civil service groups who follow and emulate them in dress, mannerism and political orientation.  With this in mind, visions and images of a rich, wild, exciting and white-dominated land of big cars, large houses, flashy clothes and unrighteous policemen are channeled into the dormitories of Africa's universities and colleges on a daily basis.  Africans almost never have a change to see a black man in any role except that of a loyal servant and supporter of white hegemony in all spheres of life. Thus the white paternalism foisted on Africans by the presence and domination of racist European missionaries, colonial officials, traders, public service workers and teachers during the Colonial Era finds it modern day expression in the U.S. controlled visual media and which re-enforces the African's tendency towards self-negation and submission to whites.  That it is the United Stated which exercises the greatest influence simply reflects the political fact that American neo-colonial power has replaced or is in the process of replacing British and French colonial imperialism in Africa are no different from that of its European colonial predecessors-the techniques are simply more sophisticated.
Aside from television programs, the American motion picture industry is also finding a new outlet in Africa.  I say Tick, Tick, Tick in Monrovia, Liberia.  At the Metro Cinema in Enugu-the capital of Nigeria's Ibo-dominated East Central State-Nevada Smith was play-

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