Viewing page 162 of 207

This transcription has been completed. Contact us with corrections.

of the typical best; namely all strive towards the same object and the ideal, generally agreed on and desired, alike by artist, rich employer, poor helper; is clearly fixed and set down as a programm. The best artist is whoever can completely solve it. Thus was Greek sculptur and architecture (though we must not indulge in erroneous sentimental dreaming of ideal conditions; the rabble is always rabble and fought Pericles expenses and ideas of the Parthenon), thus Gothic art. The Renaissance agreed on naturalism. The best, then, increased the stock of correct observation. So Leonardos books. On the other hand: at all times some of the best took exception to the state of civilization or rather its overreaching and more selfish assertions. The Roman educated men resigned and lived in secluded philosophers (Horace). The monks retired from the world. Luther and the Northern humanisten prepared the age of individualism or [[underlined]] dissenters [[/underlined]] from church -, Political - Economical - art - doctrines. There are 2 kinds of individualists: true reformers and progressives; [[striked through]] and [[/striked through]] or those who add; and weaklings or incomplete, mentally and in character undersized; who detract. Our civilization and art always flows on broad [[striked through]] between [[/striked through]] and sluggishly between advanced thinkers and backward resenters. 
Leonardo, who never seems to [[striked through]] clee [[/striked through]] be conscious, at least in writing, of the Pictorial as we understand it, nevertheless, as a mere naturalist and observer, by adding knowledge to painting, was a truer 
                          [[in pencil]]  (126 [[/in pencil]]