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give this fruitful valley land as part of the original Serrano habitat.  Gatschet has placed the Serranos, whom he calls "Takhtam", at San Bernardino, Colton, and Riverside (Wheeler Survey, VII, p. 410).  On the other hand in the Magazine of American History for 1877 he places the Cahuilla "in and around the San Bernardino valley".  The Rev. Father Juan Caballeria, in his History of San Bernardino Valley, gives the aboriginal name of a spot near San Bernardino as Guachama and has a vocabulary of the Guachama language, which is Cahuilla.  The Indians from whom this vocabulary was obtained have now, however, left the region, being said to have gone south.  Barrows in his "Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians" says that the last villages of the Cahuilla "in the San Bernardino and San Jose valleys were broken up thirty years or so ago" and adds that "they were driven from the San Timoteo cañon in the forties by the ravages of smallpox, and the first reservation to be met now as one rides eastward through the pass where they once held sway, is below Banning".  Even here the Cahuillas and Serranos are intermarried.  As the statements placing the Cahuillas in San Bernardino valley and San Gorgonio pass are recent in origin but refer to the past, and these places are actually occupied, so far as there are Indians at them at all, by Serranos, it seems more probable that they were originally held by the Serrano.  This