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[[underlined]]Cyanerpes[[/underlined]], Apr. 5, 1958, IV   74 [[circled]]

that this was merely a particularly vigorous dispute over roosting perches; but I rather doubt it. I have never seen any roosting perch dispute of comparable vigor or length. And the fact that the ♀ didn't retreat may be significant. (If this dispute was purely hostile, the fact that the ♀ didn't retreat may help to explain the particularly standardized form of the ♂'s Bowing). All in all, I rather think that sex must have played a role during this encounter

The usual forms of obviously pure hostility are still common in both the Blues and the Shinings, during encounters among themselves and disputes with visitors. I haven't noticed anything new during such disputes for a long time; but I might just add a word about Quivering. I don't think I have ever seen a bird of either species ever do Qu in a dispute in which its "mate" was not involved--either as a participant or a very close spectator.
I am becoming more and more convinced that those hostile patterns which display a lot of blue are usually comparatively aggressive and those patterns which display a lot of black contain a relatively strong escape component. This seems to be equally true of both species.

The Shining seems to be much more of a "creeper" during feeding than the Blue.

[[underlined]]Cyanerpes[[/underlined]], I
April 6, 1958,
Barro Colorado

A somewhat unusual incident among the Shinings