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In Chalcididae the ramus is the basal side of the radial area, which in some species is completed by a hyaline vein. The anal vein (as in Cynips) is present & hyaline. The areolet & 2nd transverse vein & cubitus are obsolete, but there is a trace of a 1st transverse vein.
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May 3. Bred [[male and female symbols]] [[strikethrough]] rufi [[/strikethrough]] [[insertion]] ^ small [[underline]] fulvi- [[/underline]] [[/insertion]] [[underline]] ventris [[/underline]] from strobil. cocoons (under scales of gall [[image]]) [[strikethrough]] pr [[/strikethrough]] isolated in bottle. Identical with numerous specimens bred from strobil [[insertion]] ^ galls? [[/insertion]] (cocoons). Its pupa, which had worked its way out of cocoon [[underline]] in the bottle [[/underline]], thor. parts [[insertion]] ^ & legs [[/insertion]] brown black, abd. sanguineous. Horns [[image - sketch of horns]] diverging at 130°, acute and terminating in a [[insertion]] ^ very [[/insertion]] minute acute thorn. No perceptible bristle behind horns. Thoracic bristle slender, 1/2 as long as width of thorax. Notum of thorax dull sanguin. with two brown vittae the scutel sanguineous. Dors. abd. tinged with brown. A lot [[insertion]] ^ of [[/insertion]] [[underline]] Strobil. [[/underline]] galls, [[insertion]] ^ examined, contained [[/insertion]] 2 or 3 chalc. solitary pupae [[image - sketch of pupae]], 3 or 4 with (each) 7 or 8 chalcid. pupae (bred from & ascertained) 2 cec. s. strob pupae & 2 larvae.
Found a [[underline]] second [[/underline]] case on the Bluffs today where a red oak with [[underline]] q. inanis [[/underline]] galls grew within 50 or 60 ft. of a black oak with q. sponifica galls. Judged the { [[insertion]] black oak [[/insertion]] species} by the highth that the rough bark ascended the stem. Each was 4 or 5 inches in diameter at butt. [It was a black oak June 26.]
Some weeks ago noticed a [[underline]] single [[/underline]] spongifica gall on the clump of trees near slaughter-house, previously supposed to be [[destr?]] of that gall.
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The long cocoons [[image - sketch of cocoon]] under scales of s. strobiloides galls gathered today were [[insertion]] ^ very [[/insertion]] many of them flattened & not plump (just as those a long time in my jars).
Found a very large rough subspherical gall on a [[underline]] red oak [[/underline]]; 2 1/2 - 3 inches in diameter. Cells old & exposed mostly: dug one whitish cynipide [[male symbol]] pupa in the field out of it. Gall q. punctata, Bassett? [Bred anomalous inquilines from it [[image - sketch of gall]] ].
[Turned the "R.R. culvert" strobiloides galls along with the others in the big jar]
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"The impression that the living species, connected by such a close link of relationship to some Amber diptera, are not new additions to the number of old species, but are so to say, the transformed old species, is in my opinion irresistable to any unprejudiced observer" Loew 1861 on Amber Diptera Silliman's Journal XXXVII. p. 315
"Analogous species (plastic [or structural [[symbol]] colorational] distinctive characters.")
"There is not a single instance on record which wd. justify the conclusion that under the now prevailing natural conditions, any species could be modified in that way, either through climatic influences, or in consequence of a compulsory change of food or through the contact with some other species" ibid. p. 324
May 4 Opened 30 or 40 [[underline]] s. gemmae [[underline]] galls. Found no cecid. larva or pupa, but in 5 of them, 5 chalcid. pupae. Cocoon of cecid. in one gall apparently [[underline]] brown [[/underline]] not [[underline]] white [[/underline]]
