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55) These red oak galls grew out of the stem close to the origin of the leaf, not out of the leaf as usual.
O.S. says (p. 241) his "q. rubra" is in most cases [[underlined]]q. coccinea [[/underlined]], [[underlined]]which[[/underlined]] according to Brendel is a [[underlined]]variety[[/underlined]] of [[underlined]]q. tinctoria [[/underlined]]. Harris probably made the same mistake when he located his [[underlined]]Confluens [[/underlined]] on the red oak. O.S. (p.243) is doubtful whether his [[underlined]]q. inanis [[/underlined]] occurs on [[underlined]]q. rubra [[/underlined]] or [[underlined]]coccinea [[/underlined]]. Young trees (2-5 inches in diameter) of [[underlined]]rubra [[/underlined]] may be distinguished by the bark being smooth & glossy [[underlined]]except[[/underlined]] towards the butt, whereas in [[underlined]]tinctoria [[/underlined]] it is rough.
On the whole (see my remarks in O.S. 246-8) I am of opinion [[underline]]c.q. coccinea = spongifica = inanis & c. q. aciculata & centricola [[/underline]] are the  metagenetic type of the 3 first, which three first are generated by parthenogenesis. No species of any animal, even hermaphrodite, can propagate indefinitely without intercourse with another individual, otherwise variations would be indefinitely exaggerated & the number of species thereby produced wd. also be indefinite.
June 15 The galls of Phylloxera caryae-caulis splits open [[large "X"]]. I have such a gall on the [[underlined]]leaf-stalk [[/underlined]] of the [[underlined]]leaflet [[/underlined]], split in this manner. Therefore Ph. [[underlined]]caryae-caulis Filch = c. globuli [[/underlined]] Walsh, the insects being indistinguishable. This gall is thus [[drawing of gall]] opening [[/underlined]]below [[underlined]],  
like caryae-globuli, but [[large "X"]] not ---.
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June 16. A few c. q. coccineae or spongifica galls occur that have scarcely the least vestige of nipple at lip N: [[drawing of nipple]]
N.Y. Trib. - June 16, 1863
[[a clipping from newspaper reads:]]
"Mr. Cummings observed that he did not know that we have any bird here about that eats the rose bug, curculio, nor catterpillar. He protects the birds and has protected the squirrels until he found that the common red squirrel is a great destroyer of bird's eggs and young. They even come around the house and gnaw into the wren boxes." [[end of article and return to text]] 
So the flying squirrel, according to Dr. Velie v. supra.
June 18 Thursday. had a [[symbol for male]] [[underlined]]q. spongifica [[/underlined]](very lively) come out -- Monday 22nd still alive & kicking -- had put him in a vial with some white sugar. [No more [[symbol for male and female]] came out after this date from 2 or 300 galls, nor any parasites except a [[symbol for female]] Callimome July 23rd]
June 21. Took many imagos of an [[underlined]]Empoasia (ulmicola ^-cida^ W. [[/underlined]]) on the R.R.  Elms. Trees were full of larvae in all stages of pupae. Half (about) the eggs still unhatched. A [[underlined]] Scymnus [[/underlined]] (spotted) & several small[[underlined]]  telephori [[/underlined]] on the trees.
Also saw a [[seryte?]] imago (not taken) &  10 or 12 [[underline]] very young larvae [[/underline]] (only) on the R.R. Crabs. Many eggs (1/4 about) still unhatched. The bulk of them destroyed by the [[underlined]] Mymar [[/underlined]].
[[symbol for male]] of c. q. spongifica (in a vial with sugar) lived at least ^5 or^ 6 days -- perhaps 7.
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Transcription Notes:
Still stuck on the fourth word of that last paragraph