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[[underlined]] APPENDIX II. [[/underlined]] 8.
Yangtze, was believed to have been a Shang foundation---perhaps a relic of this early southward push on the part of the Shang Dynasty. [[superscript]] (21) [[/superscript]]
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(18)
[[underlined]] Shih Ching [[/underlined]], IV, iii, Ode 5 ([[underlined]] (Yin wu [[/underlined]] 殷武), This and its companion poems of the [[underlined]] Shan sung [[/underlined]] ("Sacrificial Odes of the Shangs") were formerly accepted as genuine compositions of that period; but modern scholars, both Chinese and Occidental, are pretty well agreed that they are in reality much later productions---of the 7th century B.C. in fact. Nevertheless they may well be based on actual traditions, if not indeed on authentic written records which have perished.
The above statement in the [[underlined]] Shih Ching [[/underlined]] receives a measure of support from the independent testimony of the [[underlined]] Chu shu chi nien [[/underlined]], which records---laconically enough, it must be admitted---that "in his 32nd year Wu Ting invaded Ching".
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(19)
King Wu Ting (whose historicity is now established by the Shang oracle bones) seems long to have been remembered as a great monarch; see [[underlined]] e.g. [[/underlined]], Mencius, II, i, 1, (8). Here, as in the citation from him contained in note 15 (page 6 of this Appendix), Mencius undoubtedly had access to source material now lost.
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(20)
It used to be believed that in this Ode we had the earliest mention of Ch'u by name; but now it seems more likely an anachronism. On the dating of this and its companion poems in the [[underlined]] Shang sung [[/underlined]], see note 18, above.
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(21)
In the [[underlined]] Tso chuan [[/underlined]], III, xviii, 4, Ch'üan is mentioned as being conquered by Ch'u in the year 676 B.C.
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There were also traditions which asserted (quite probably with truth) that toward the close of the Shang Dynasty [[superscript]] (22) [[/superscript]] the Chous too had re-
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(22)
According to the "orthodox" Chinese historians, the Shang Dynasty, during the latter part of its existence, called itself the Yin 殷; but the latter appellation seems instead to have been the one given to the state (or city?) of the Shangs by their conquerors the Chous. On this point, see Creel, "Studies", pp. 64 [[underlined]] sqq. [[/underlined]].
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lations with the Yangtze basin. One of these narratives tells how the two elder sons of a pre-Conquest Chou chieftain surrendered their claims to the succession in favor of their younger brother and fled to the Ching Man, the "Jungle Barbarians" of Ching. [[superscript]] (23) [[/superscript]] To these, the story adds, the fugitives proceeded to assimilate themselves by tattooing their bodies and cutting their hair. [[superscript]] (24) [[/superscript]]
