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Oct. 2nd  Proceeded about 12 miles down the river & encamped.  Saw on the way a Cayote.  Obtained at camp some specimens of a shell seen since striking the Wenatchapam, (in water), the Melania common on the southern branches having disappeared- The whole valley of this river is composed of terraces of gravel & sand overlying granitic rock & from 20-200 ft. above the present stream- being the beds of a former arm of the lake or sea then existing.

Oct. 3rd  Continued on the same course to the mouth of the river & thence along the Columbia to the camp of Sept. 20th having made 13 1/2 miles. The general appearance of the valley similar except towards its mouth where are some high hills making the trail very difficult- along the river  Shot at a Cayote on the way- Obtained no specimens-

[[underlined]] Oct. 4th [[/underlined]]  Proceeded along the same trail as on the 24th ult. & camped at the Okanagan R. on the west bank-  Obtained here specimens of four species of Artemisia making 6 seen in flower- 
Remained half a day to exchange horses with the Indians- (4 1/2 miles

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47

[[underlined]] Oct. 5th [[/underlined]]  Proceeded up the course of the Okanagan R. 12 1/4 miles camping on its banks. Noticed no new animals or anything else worth preserving-

[[underlined]] Oct. 6th [[/underlined]]  Continued on along the river & made 5 1/4 miles. Obtained no specimens  The only animals seen are Prairie fowl, ravens Magpies etc.  This river is more slow & shallow than most of those seen & on its banks are some fine arable lands.

[[underlined]] Oct 7th [[/underlined]]  Same course no variety in the scenery or productions-  Have obtained a few plants for Herbarium. 15 1/4 miles passed  T
This appears to be about the commencement of Autumn in this region, the deciduous trees turning brown & yellow & some of the early flowering plants are blooming again.

Oct. 8th  Continued on for 15 miles up the river. Saw at camp great numbers of a species of Salmon, swimming up stream and nearly worn out by their long journey up stream their tails almost gone & bodies turned of a red color so that they are easily seen.
Very few are said to return to the sea, after spawning & their carcasses line the shores of the Columbia in the fall, feeding multitudes of birds & quadrupeds Dogs are often made sick so are rarely to recover after eating them