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500 feet of Coast Range detritus the drill comes to Sierra gravel and thereafter continues in it, showing that the latter underlies the Coast Range talus. At the southern end of the valley the flows of water are larger purer and more powerful than in the northern part and the decrease is so gradual that Mr. Hawes thought that the artesian water of the valley proceeds more from the south than from any other direction.
No fossils are found in the valley borings. Once he found a spiral shell when boring near the foothills. Small twigs and particles of wood are occasionally brought up but no large pieces. The harder nodules of the clay sometimes are perforated with holes like the borings of some