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[[blank page]] [[end page]] [[start page]] the usual adobe. As we proceed north ward the Pliocene layers are more gritty and indurated. They contain many fragments of echini crustacea & shells which are rather hard and of a yellowish color, while the Pleistocene fossils are chalky & white. In some places the pleistocene layer is of the usual gray color but elsewhere the hornblende contained in it has decomposed and the oxidation of the iron contained in it has colored the sands red and hardened them.