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1862
Apr
7
Mon
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On returning from the point of Making PO.M. Obs. found the Igloo well advanced - Henry & I took hold & [[strikethrough]] worked [[/strikethrough]] work assisting, we answering ^[[ing]] the capacity equivalent to "hod-carriers" - that is we stop^[[p]]ed up the "chinks" between the snow blocks on the outside ^[[of Igloo]] & sawed out snow blocks & passed them in to be knifed up & tied down, filling the vacancy  made by cutting out the snow blocks of wh. the Igloo was built. The operation of build this Igloo in wh. I pen this day's record were as I will now briefly describe - the description of wh. will answer as those uniformly practiced by Innuits in erecting their Igloos (Snow houses) Sharkey & Koo-jes-se 1st sounded or prospected the snow to find the most suitable = that wh. was hard on well impacted. Then one commenced to saw out snow blocks using a "hand saw" (an instrument now in great demand among the Innuits for sawing snow) The snow blocks were cut from the space encircled by the dimensions of the Igloo - the other Innuit proceeded to lay the foundation tier of the Igloo. wh. consists of 17 Blocks each about 3 feet in length, 18 inches in width & 6 inches thick. This being laid parallel with the level snow covering the sea ice on wh. we are Encamped then commenced to spiralling allowing each tier to fall in dome shaped  The whole was built from the inside - even Key-stone to the dome or arch dropped into place by [[strikethrough]] [[?]] [[/strikethrough]] passing it up ^[[outside]] by the builders which he was within. When Igloo was errected the 2 Innuits were completely walled in. Then a square opening was cut back side of the Igloo or that part wh. was to be the run. Through this I & Smith passed snow blocks wh. we sawed out. Sharkey & Koo-Jes-se with their knives chipped
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[[boxed]]
1862
Apr
7th
Mond
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or minced them while Tunukderlien  & "Jennie" [[strikethrough]] acted [[/strikethrough]] performed the dance of ^[[the French lady]] grape crushers pressing down into hard bed crystals of snow that formed the bed place & dais of the Igloo. This done, the female Innuits [[strikethrough]] ere[[?]] [[/strikethrough]] erected on the right & left the fire stand & soon had a blazing fire a going & snow melting [[strikethrough]] with wh. [[/strikethrough]] to quench our burning thirsts. Then the [[underlined]] true [[/underlined]] (?) of the country[[guess]] were evenly spread around on ^[[the snow of]] the bed place & dais over wh. we placed canvass my canvass tent - on these now spread Tuk-too furs forming the bed. - these articles were passed in of the little opening in the rear of Igloo before the ^[[regular]] door-way was cut. Then according to Innuit rule or custom, thus far advanced, the door way was Knifed out of the Crystal white wall, [[strikethrough]] with [[/strikethrough]] through wh. the Walrus meat etc. etc. were passed in. Then the main opening was closed & after that, the door way sealed up, all of us within making us quite happy [[strikethrough]] in that [[/strikethrough]] in the enjoyment of comforts that could hardly be imagined by those [[strikethrough]] of [[/strikethrough]] at Home in the States.
The Igloo is made spirally from the foundation tier to Key [[underlined]] stone [[/underlined]] (?) Six turns or twists in the spiral. The Igloo consists of 70 blocks of snow. The spiral on first counterways from course of the Sun. The marvel of the way the Igloos are built by Ig-loo-lik Innuits where Parry wintered in 18 . The Igloo we are in 16 ^[[feet]] Diameter. All of us within it.
To-night I had a pan of Pemican Soup made Smith ("Henry") & Tu-nuk-de-lien the cooks. The soup consisted of Pemican flour & Borden's meat biscuit.  It was too fresh - we had no salt - What would be do? Innuits are equal to any emergency in their Country. Kar-nei-ung (Sharkey) got down off the dais on catching the tone of my wants - took his snow knife ^[[&]] cut down into the snow of the floor of the Igloo & in less than 30 swings of a 39 inch pendulum came to salt water - to me this was magic - [[underlined]] almost [[/underlined]] a

Transcription Notes:
Edited: per instructions, replaced symbols with text, added inserts as appropriate, added spaces between underlined and strikethrough, validated guessed wording (some), removed end of page from second page not required, and other format changes Building an Igloo: see pages 500 to 505 in Hall's book. From Wikipedia: Snow igloos are built in the shape of a catenoid, which offers optimal ratios between the height and diameter of the structure to eliminate the structural tension which could otherwise cause it to implode or bulge. The stresses of snow as it ages and compresses against the igloo will not cause it to buckle because in an inverted paraboloid or catenoid the pressures are exclusively compressive. Quite a feat of engineering. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igloo In Hall's book, page 505 Hall writes that shrubs "were evenly spread on ... the bed-place," and covered with skins. The swing of a 39 inch pendulum = one second of time. (1 cycle = 2 seconds.)