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90

Ramphocelus, Jan. 17, 1962, II            

perch by himself. Uttering single TssN's, at rather long intervals. (This was the nearest thing to the Dawn Calling of other species that I have seen performed by Yellow-rumps today or yesterday). Then the male flew to join a female or juv. Both birds then moved through the shrubbery, more or less together. Both uttered a lot of NN's. Apparently keeping in touch with one another. Then the male found himself alone again. Sat on another high exposed perch. Began to utter single TssN's again. Then he began to utter Ф's. Extremely variable. Interspersed with occasional TssN's, PN's, and NN's. The male looked from side to side while uttering all these Ф's and associated notes. The female or juv, remained silent (out of sight) throughout the whole of the male's performance. Eventually the male flew away, probably to join the female or juv. He uttered TssN's on PN's as he flew away.

Some of the Ф's uttered by this male included partial reduplications of the latter part of the call. In a few cases, his Ф's may have been uttered in pairs, one complete call following immediately after the other.

It seems likely that the series of TssN's uttered by male Yellow rumps are equivalent to the Dawn Calling of Crimson backs, while the Ф performance may be more nearly equivalent to the series of alternate PN's and NN's of male Crimson backs.

It is my impression that series of TssN's may be uttered only by males sitting alone (while Ф's and ФR's are certainly uttered by both solitary males and males with companions).

Later in the morning, I saw several more cases of solitary adult males uttering Ф and ФR patterns before flying away.

I don't think I have heard a female or juv. utter Ф or ФR patterns.

Transcription Notes:
Ф=phi