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May 31, III

[[left margin]] ✓Δ4 [[/left margin]] Copulation, apparently successful, in distance. Male's crest not noticeably raised. Post-cop display of male U.

Female begins collecting n.m. shortly after the above cop attempt. Brings it back to male, who does T-T, both relax. Then the same performance is repeated. 

[[left margin]] ✓Δ5 [[/left margin]] Another copulation at another pair. Male on female going beautifully giving Cop. Call when another bird flies low overhead. Male lifts head, gives attack call. As far as I could hear, the "attack call" differed from the "cop call" only in loudness. The male's crest was possibly slightly raised during the Cop-Call but this is very debatable. Certainly not very conspicuous. Post-Cop display: PAG✓-U✓-HF✓ by male 9:00

Pause 9:05 Plane? Breaks up fairly rapidly. Then up again. Breaks up fairly rapidly. 

[[left margin]] !! [[/left margin]] First part of O with bill absolutely closed. 

B4 back on water 9:12 Doing an occasional GC. 

More pauses, and I find that the cause of it all is a Sparrow Hawk. Vigorously attacked.

[[left margin]] *4 ✓✓ [[/left margin]] Very nice M.C. on water. Male U1-T1-OL1-T2-U2-HF-OL2-T3-U3-OL3-T4-T5-U4 charge call is Semi-U-Semi-O —Attack Call — attack on coot. [[left margin]] !! [[/left margin]] Female does U1-T1-OL1-T2-U2-OL2-HF1-OL3-T3-U3-OL4-T4-U4. — flies away when male gives attack call 9:23

Two MC's at C.

[[left margin]] *5 ✓✓ [[/left margin]] (a) Male does U¹-T¹-OL¹-T²-U²-HF¹-OL²-U³ Female does U¹-T¹-T²-OL¹-T³-T⁴-U²-PAG¹-HF¹-U³ — flies off. (male obviously more agg than female)

[[left margin]] *6 ✓✓ [[/left margin]] (b) male does U¹-T¹-HF¹-U²-attacks female. Female does U¹-T¹-T²-HF¹-U².

[[left margin]] ! [[/left margin]] Must say something about circular parading. Often conspicuous on land. One bird walks around the other or both walk around each other. If only one does it, it is usually the bird under the greatest apparent "strain". Most perfect case I have seen was the preceding M.C. at B4 on water. Both birds circling perfectly over, around one another - at about a distance of a foot. A perfect binding system.

Quiescent again 9:35

Little circular flight by solitary male accompanied by unmistakable, high intensity ("quavering"), charge call.