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     This suggestion is however met in the case of Kawahoo vs Adams 1 Dill 345. Says Judge Dillon "The Supreme Court of the United States held after mature deliberation that an Indian tribe or nation within the United States is not foreign state or nation in the sense of the constitution and cannot maintain an action in the federal courts of the United States"  "If as thus held" continues the learned Judge "the tribe is not a foreign state, it necessarily results that the persons composing the tribe are not foreign citizens or subjects." The court further decides in that case that an Indian of the Wyandotte tribe of Indians could not prosecute an action of ejectment in the federal courts.
 
     Judge Dillon further remarks that "there is no provision in the judiciary act or any other act of Congress giving to the courts of the United States jurisdiction by or against an Indian in civil actions."

     Second - 
         Are Standing Bear and the other complainants citizens of the United States?

     A citizen is a person owing allegiance to the government and entitled to its protection. In answering this question let us glance briefly at the history of Indian tribes of America, their habits
[[left margin note]] 320 [[/note]]