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effect of this amendment upon Indian tribes and treaties reported to the Senator December 14, 1870 that the committee was of the opinion that the Indian tribes within the limits of the United States and the individual members of such tribes, while they adhered to and form a part of the tribes to which they belong are not within the meaning of the Fourteenth amendment subject to the Jurisdiction of the United States, and therefore that such Indians have not become citizens of the United States by virtue of that amendment, and if so it follows that the
treaties heretofore made between the United States and the Indian tribes are not annulled by that amendment."

See note to [[Kanaloo]] vs Adams./Dill 348.

But it is alleged in the petition and urged upon the argument that these Indians have dissolved their tribal relations and declared their intention of becoming citizens of the United States and therefore are to be regarded as citizens of United States  within the terms of the Fourteenth amendment. But these complainants have not dissolved their tribal relations. They have not forsaken their allegiance to their tribal head, nor turned their backs upon their former mode of life and become citizens of a civilized community. They have neither by act or expression signified an intention of rendering an undivided
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