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now offered annually by the Smithsonian for doctoral candidates or recent recipients of the doctorate to receive advanced research training under the guidance of Smithsonian senior scholars. The pre- and postdoctoral fellowships program is widely endorsed by the Smithsonian staff. Progress in increasing the number of fellowship offerings has been slower than expected because periodic increases in the amount of each award have been required as the cost of living rises, and as fellowship programs comparable to the Smithsonian's offerings increase their award amount. The Institution will try to keep abreast of inflation and competitive changes, and some increases will be necessary for stipends and expenses.

The [[underline]] Special Foreign Currency Program [[/underline]], which does not influence the federal salaries and expenses appropriations of the Institution, also is administered by the Office of Fellowships and Grants. Periodic increases of excess foreign currencies may be sought for important and timely projects. One such project is to establish a reserve fund in Indian rupees for long-term support of the American Institute for Indian Studies, a consortium of American universities and museums whose members have sustained research interests in India. In FY 1981, $750,000 equivalent in rupees have been requested for this purpose and additional increments may be requested in future years to ensure continuity of programs of the AIIS through a transition period after the depletion of the U.S. owned rupee account in India. Another project in future years may be to fund the international salvage effort of preserving the ancient urban site at Moenjodaro, Pakistan.

Increased federal appropriations will be sought in future years for the [[underline]] International Environmental Science Program [[/underline]] which also contributes substantially to institutional research progress, and continues to be considered as a high priority  effort. The Program pursues environmental monitoring at two permanent Smithsonian sites--the Chesapeake Bay Center and the Tropical Research Institute--and at five temporary sites. Over the next five years, an effort will be made to strengthen the research work at these sites to monitor changes in the natural environment and to stay abreast of biological conservation affairs. Based on an outside review, the Institution has implemented a program of long-term environmental monitoring as an activity which matches the basic aims and purposes of the Institution's research programs. Increased funding will allow emphasis to be placed on defined parameters of watershed monitoring and on changes in marine indicators at the permanent stations. In addition, resources will