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[[circled]] 78 [[/circled]]
[[underline]] inca [[/underline]], Nov. 14, 1955, III.   

[[vertical hashed column]] [[image - pencil drawing of front view of bird]] Position of head & angle of mustache in F.

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Is the yellow wattle at gape swollen during hostility?  It is [[underline]] certainly [[/underline]] much more conspicuous then than when the bird is sitting relaxed in a neck-more-or-less-retracted posture.  (Can also confirm the fact that "earrings" are erected during hostility, at least the more aggressive forms, including [[vertical oval drawing]] and [[horizontal oval drawing]].  Just watched a bird standing in quite alert posture, neck mod. long, with "earrings" flat to side of head & neck).  8:35

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Watching these birds has given me the impression that F & Cht is a relatively low-intensity performance.  Sometimes given very [[underlined]] briefly [[/underlined]] by a bird when its mate lands beside it - without other Cht patterns, i.e. without [[vertical oval drawing]] and [[horizontal oval drawing]]  Also given briefly, by both birds, as brief mutual redirected performance

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Also, before I forget, the F & Cht given by "[[Male symbol]]"s presenting fish to "[[Female symbol]]"s is apparently almost inaudible. At least I have never heard it - and I have been pretty close to such "[[Male symbol]]"s. On the other hand, however, the F&Cht done by mates, and that done by solitary birds during disputes with intruders, is certainly audible (at least, in the cases I have been near enough to hear)

* comm. area [[two check marks above]]

[[image - check mark above each letter or set of letters in following sequence]]

0+G - LCN. O+G O+G-LCN-LCN-O+G. Agg V Agg V St. St. Agg V-St. V+G V-V+G-V-V+G-V [[underline]] St after attack St during retreat [[/underline]] St-Gost-St-Gost+G-St.-Gost-Gost-Gost-Gost-Gost-St-Gost [[underline]] LCN after attack [[/underline]]

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Emphasize one point.  I have seen [[underline]] very few, (probably no) [[/underline]], redirection attacks on neighbors performed as a result of hostility between mates.  Redirection is all the other way round.

[[one vertical hashed column]] Not exaggerated!  [[image - drawing of side view of bird]] Curved body is almost invariably, or always, present during aerial St