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[[circle]] 125 [[/circle]]

[[underline]] modestus [[/underline]], Nov. 25, 1955, V

[[margin]] 3 vertical lines and vertical crosshatch pattern [[/margin]] The Ch noted in preceding line, was done by both birds of a pair, half asleep, when a stranger approached them. Probably a very low intensity form of choking.

[[Image - profile of a bird]]  Birds were already sitting before Ch began.

The birds just put their bills to ground, made brief, slight, but unmistakable up-and-down Ch movements.  Didn't hear any sound.

[[margin]] 3 vertical lines and vertical crosshatch pattern [[/margin]]  Add one pattern to pairing sequence Walking in Gost posture, or just a gost movement when standing still.  Occurs during "V complex", with or without accompanying M's

[[margin]] * comm area. [[/margin]]  √M. [[underline]] √Agg V after attack √V before attack - √V after attack [[/underline]]  √V. √V. √Ch (as before), [[underline]] √Agg V & √HF after attack [[/underline]] - √pr. - √V √M (all patterns marked just M are silent M's) √V. √V-√SS-√V. √V-√T. √V, [[underline]] √Agg V before attack - √Gost after attack [[/underline]] - √V&√SS.

[[margin]] 3 vertical lines and vertical crosshatch pattern [[/margin]] Silent M is [[underline]] the usual [[/underline]] way to approach partner or potential partner.

[[margin]] 3 vertical lines and vertical crosshatch pattern [[/margin]]  Been watching a copulation.  [[underline]] [[male symbol]] silent most of the time including the periods where he was lowering his tail and making actual cloacal contact.  But, he opened his bill and I am almost certain uttered a cop call whenever the [[female symbol]] started to struggle or tried to run away. [[/underline]].  Bill opened just slightly, kept open, no OCB.  I think sound was a very soft "uh-huh-huh-huh...."

[[margin]] 3 vertical lines and vertical crosshatch pattern [[/margin]] [[male symbol]] running, moderately slowly, with pauses, after [[female symbol]] who is retreating [[male symbol]] does V-M-V-M-V-Gost-V-M-V during his advance.  Both [[male symbol]] & [[female symbol]] finally do V&HF when [[female symbol]] lets him catch up.  Both relax, start to preen.

[[margin]] 3 vertical lines and vertical crosshatch pattern [[/margin]] Can see absolutely no reason why some birds give pure "Keeow" LCN when flying and other birds give LCN with "rattle undertone." Only possibilities - and there seem to be extremely remote - is that "rattle" LCN is a character of young birds, or that the "Keeow" is motivated by relatively stronger escape.

[[margin]] 3 vertical lines and vertical crosshatch pattern [[/margin]] Apparently no Landing Call.

[[margin]] 3 vertical lines and vertical crosshatch pattern [[/margin]] Bird after fight with neighbor, walks toward partner in M, then