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THE MADAM C.J. WALKER SCHOOLS

strong solution of Formalin is also a good sterilizer for rubber goods.

17. Shampoo boards should be washed in a 5% solution of Formalin frequently.

18. Hair pins, combs, ornaments and extra hair pieces, puffs and curls taken from the heads of patrons should be cleansed and placed in the cabinet sterilizer before being returned to the patron's head.

19. Patrons, especially those who are being treated for any scalp or facial disease, should be instructed as to the proper care of their own combs, brushes, etc., which they use at home.

FIRST AID

Any measure taken to relieve suffering until a physician arrives is classified as First Aid. Many accidents occur which require a practical knowledge of first aid, but we shall only consider those which are common in the field of Beauty Culture.

Do not be careless about or ignore the slightest injury to yourself or to your patron. A tiny burn, cut or bruise may cause an infection, great discomfort and prove the cause of financial loss through your incapacity or through legal suit the injured patron may bring against you. Every wound, no matter how small, should be treated promptly and your customer invited to return in a few days that you might observe the wound at first hand. If it has not healed or shown definite signs of healing, accept the responsibility of sending her immediately to a physician. Such a step may avoid future litigation and will certainly impress your customer of your good intention. The same vigilance should be shown injuries to yourself.

BURNS AND SCALDS.

Burns are caused by dry heat, chemical and electricity. There are three kinds, according to the degree of seriousness. The first degree burn is a minor one and appears as a reddening of the skin. The application of oil, or wet dressings of sterile gauze dipped in soda water or application of UNGUENTINE is a satisfactory treatment. In the second degree burn, the skin is blistered. The blisters should be opened by a physician only. If blisters burst, there is possibility of infection if the loose skin is removed by anyone except a physician. The treatment of this burn is the same as for first degree burn. In the third degree burn, the deeper tissues are

TEXT BOOK OF BEAUTY CULTURE

destroyed and the skin is seared. Shock generally accompanies this burn. If clothing covers the burned portions, it should be carefully cut from around the burned area to prevent possible adhesion and infection. Treat shock by administering stimulants such as hot beverages or 30 drops of aromatic spirits of ammonia in water and wrap patients in warm blankets.

A third degree burn requires a physician's care.

1. Never apply water to a burn.

2. Never cover a burn with cotton or dry gauze. The particles of cloth adhere.

3. Never use adhesive to cover a burn. It impedes healing.

4. Never attempt to remove particles of clothing or other objects from the burn itself. A physician should do that.

Scalds are caused by moist heat as in steam or hot water. The resulting burns are of third degree character and are treated as such.

Chemical burns are caused by caustics contacting the bare skin. Rinse the areas free of the chemical by allowing water to flow over them for several minutes. Treat as for third degree burn.

Electric shock is caused by the passage of current from a conductor, through the victim's body to a ground. The symptoms are unconsciousness and severe burns. Never touch a victim while she is still in contact with the appliance. The current should be turned off at once. To revive the patient, allow her to smell aromatic spirits of ammonia and contact a physician to treat any burns that may result.

Poisoning:

The chemicals used in a beauty shop for cleansing and sterilization are lysol, ammonia, carbolic acid, formaldehyde, lye, alcohol, and iodine. To prevent accidental swallowing of these poisons, all bottles should be correctly labelled and corked and kept in a securely locked cabinet. The first step in relieving the victim's suffering is to induce vomiting at once in order to remove the poison from the stomach. Warm water, starch solution, flour paste or lime water will serve the purpose. If a caustic such as lye or ammonia has been swallowed, the treatment should be followed with egg whites to soothe the delicate stomach linings and call in a physician.

Fainting is the result of mental excitement, emotional strain, and exposure to overheated or poorly ventilated atmospheres. The